Dibasic Calcium Phosphate Dihydrate – A Widely Used Filler in Formulations

1. General introduction to Dibasic Calcium Phosphate Dihydrate

Dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate (CaHPO₄·2H₂O) is an inorganic calcium phosphate salt widely used in the pharmaceutical and dietary supplement industries as an excipient and a source of calcium and phosphorus. In modern formulation development, Dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate serves as an outstanding filler-binder due to its excellent compressibility and powder flowability (unmilled grade). Two main particle grades of this calcium salt are commonly utilized in pharmaceuticals:

• Milled: Used in wet and dry granulation. Frequently incorporated into multivitamin/ mineral formulations.
• Unmilled (Coarse grade): Used in direct compression. Typically applied in pharmaceutical formulations containing sensitive active ingredients and for stability under mildly alkaline conditions.

In practical applications, Dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate is commonly present in multivitamin and mineral tablet formulations, calcium supplements for bone health, as well as oral care preparations and fortified food products such as biscuits or breakfast cereals. This versatile presence reflects its chemical stability, high biocompatibility, and multifunctional properties across diverse formulation bases.

2. Ingredient information of Dibasic Calcium Phosphate Dihydrate

• Name Material: Dibasic Calcium Phosphate Dihydrate
• Material Category: Pharmaceutical Excipient / Micronutrient
• Chemical Formula: CaHPO₄.2H₂O
• Molecular Weight: 172,09 g/mol
• Physical Form: White powder or granules, odorless and tasteless
• Solubility: Practically insoluble in water, ethanol, and ether. Soluble in dilute acids
• Stability:Stable and non-hygroscopic at room temperature
• pH: Slightly alkaline particle surface
• Quality Standards: Complies with current pharmacopeial standards (USP / Ph. Eur. / BP / JP)

Notes for Use:

• Complexation potential: May form complexes with APIs such as tetracycline antibiotics, aspartame, ampicillin, and cephalexin.
• Alkaline surface incompatibility: Incompatible with APIs sensitive to basic microenvironments, such as indomethacin, aspirin, and erythromycin.
• Lubricant requirement: Requires a higher proportion of lubricant compared to microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), typically starting around 1.0%.

3. Advantages of Dibasic Calcium Phosphate Dihydrate

• Superior Compressibility:Deforms predominantly via brittle fracture, generating new, unlubricated surfaces. Consequently, DCPD is virtually insensitive to over-lubrication, ensuring excellent mechanical strength/hardness even with extended blending times.
• Scale-up: Due to its brittle fracture mechanism, the compactability of DCPD is largely independent of dwell time. During scale-up from R&D/ lab scale to pilot and production scale, tabletability and hardness remain consistent, minimizing risk during batch size enlargement.
• Suitability for Acid-Sensitive APIs: The microenvironment on the DCPD surface is slightly alkaline (pH ~ 7,0 - 8,0). Thus, this excipient is ideal as a filler for active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) susceptible to acid degradation while remaining stable in neutral to alkaline environments.
• Stability in Multivitamin Formulations: DCPD possesses low water activity and is non-hygroscopic under ambient conditions, thereby protecting moisture-sensitive vitamins (particularly B-complex and Vitamin C) from degradation and cross-reactivity. Additionally, it serves as a compendial source of Calcium (23%) and Phosphorus (18%).

4. Applications of Dibasic Calcium Phosphate Dihydrate

In Pharmaceuticals and Dietary Supplements

• Tablets/ Capsules: Serves as a filler-binder to aid tablet formation, increase mechanical hardness, and ensure weight uniformity across production batches.
• Vitamins and Minerals: Stabilizes multi-ingredient formulations, minimizing interactions between vitamins and minerals.

In Food Products

• Micronutrient-Fortified Milk: Enhances nutritional value and product stability.
• Nutritional Cereals: Improves mineral content and product texture.
• Baked Goods: Functions as a leavening agent and texturizer.

In Cosmetics and Dentistry

• Toothpaste: Acts as a mild abrasive agent to remove plaque and polish tooth surfaces.
• Tooth Powder: Enhances cleaning efficacy and imparts a smooth mouthfeel.

In Animal Feed & Agriculture

• Livestock and Poultry Feed Additive: Promotes growth performance and feed efficiency.
• Mineral Fertilizers: Provides slow-release phosphate nutrients for plants, supporting root system development.

5. Commercial products using Dibasic Calcium Phosphate Dihydrate

6. Product contact information

For more information about Dibasic Calcium Phosphate Dihydrate supply, please contact us:

• Hotline: +84 (0) 834 560 500
• Email: director@biorichgroup.com
• Website: www.biorichgroup.com
• Sample / COA request: Please contact us via email to receive samples and the latest Certificate of Analysis (COA).